Unveiling Tokyo’s Ancient Names- A Journey Through the City’s Rich Historical Identity
What was Tokyo called before? This question often piques the interest of history enthusiasts and curious travelers alike. Tokyo, the bustling capital of Japan, has undergone several name changes throughout its rich and complex history. Understanding these names provides insight into the city’s development and its role in the broader context of Japanese history.
Tokyo’s history dates back to the 7th century when it was first established as a fishing village. During this period, the city was known as Edo, a name derived from the word “edo,” which means “estuary” in Japanese. Edo was chosen as the capital of Japan in 1603, under the Tokugawa shogunate, and it remained the political and cultural center of the country for nearly 300 years.
During the Edo period, Edo was a vibrant city, known for its rich culture, sumptuous food, and bustling entertainment districts. The shogunate, led by the Tokugawa family, ruled Japan from Edo, which was then the largest city in the world. The city’s name was a testament to its strategic location at the mouth of the Edo River, a vital artery for trade and transportation.
However, the name Edo was not the city’s only moniker. Before becoming Edo, the city was known as “Tokyo,” which translates to “Eastern Capital.” This name was first used during the Kamakura period (1185-1333) when the capital of Japan was moved from Kyoto to Kamakura. Tokyo was a temporary name for the city during this time, as it was intended to be a temporary capital before the capital was moved back to Kyoto.
Another name that Tokyo was known by during its early history was “Naniwa.” Naniwa was the name of the ancient city that stood on the site of modern-day Tokyo. Naniwa was the capital of the Kofun period (300-700 AD) and the Asuka period (592-710 AD). The city was a significant political and cultural center during this time, but it was eventually abandoned and replaced by the new city of Nara, which became the capital of Japan.
In 1868, a significant event in Japanese history occurred—the Meiji Restoration. This marked the end of the Tokugawa shogunate and the beginning of the Empire of Japan. As part of the reforms, the name of the city was officially changed from Edo to Tokyo, which means “Eastern Capital” in Japanese. This name was chosen to reflect the city’s new status as the capital of a modernizing Japan.
Today, Tokyo is a global metropolis known for its cutting-edge technology, rich cultural heritage, and vibrant lifestyle. While the name “Tokyo” is what we commonly use to refer to the city, it is fascinating to learn about its various past names and the significance they hold in its history. From Naniwa to Edo, and finally to Tokyo, the city’s evolution reflects the dynamic and ever-changing nature of Japan’s rich cultural tapestry.
